Science Notes # 4
- The drugs that can block the binding site of the enzyme are called Enzyme inhibitors.
- Drugs that inhibit natural function are called Antagonists.
- Drugs that mimic natural function are called Agonist.
- Sodium hydrogen carbonate is an antacid.
- Histamine stimulates the secretion of pepsin and HCl in the stomach.
- Histamine is a potent vasodilator.
- Histamine responsible for nasal congestion associated with common cold.
- Bromopheniramine (Dimetapp) and terfenadine (seldane) are antihistamines.
- Tranqulizers and analgesics are neurologically active drugs.
- Iproniazid, Equanil, meprobromate are examples of tranquilizers.
- Barbiturates are hypnotic and hence used in narco analysis.
- Analgesic are those which reduce pain.
- Aspirin inhibits the synthesis of chemicals known as prostaglandins which stimulate the inflammation in the tissues.
- Antipyretic are those which reduce fever.
- Paul Ehlrich developed arsephenamine known as slavarsan for the treatment of syphilis.
- Paul Ehlrich developed sulphanilamide.
- Penicillin, Aminoglycosides, ofloxacin - Bactericidal
- Erythromycin, Tetracycline, Chloramphenicol are Bacteriostatic.
- Iodine is a powerful antiseptic.
- Dettol is a mixture of chloroxylenol and terpineol.
- Bithionol is added to soaps to impart antiseptics properties.
- Iodine in 2 - 3% solution in alcohol- water mixture is known as tincture of Iodine.
- Boric acid in dilute aqueous solution is weak antiseptic for eyes.
- 0.2% of phenol is antiseptic and 1% of phenol is disinfectant.
- Norethindrone is an example of synthetic progesterone derivative most widely used as antifertility drugs.
- Ethynylestradiol is used in combination with progesterone derivative.
- Saccharin (ortho - sulphobenzamide) is first popular artificial sweetening agent.
- Alitame is high potency sweetner.
- Sodium benzoate is preservative.
- Sorbic acid and propanoic acid are also preservatives.